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        <p> matplotlib学习记录2</p>
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<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span>  numpy <span class="keyword">as</span> np </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="keyword">as</span> plt</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">x = np.linspace(<span class="number">-3</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">60</span>)</span><br><span class="line">y1 = <span class="number">2</span>*x+<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">y2 = x**<span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.figure()</span><br><span class="line">plt.xlim((<span class="number">-1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>))</span><br><span class="line">plt.ylim((<span class="number">-2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">new_sticks = np.linspace(<span class="number">-1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.xticks(new_sticks)</span><br><span class="line">plt.yticks([<span class="number">-2</span>, <span class="number">-1.8</span>, <span class="number">-1</span>, <span class="number">1.22</span>, <span class="number">3</span>],</span><br><span class="line">           [<span class="string">r'$really\ bad$'</span>, <span class="string">r'$bad$'</span>, <span class="string">r'$normal$'</span>, <span class="string">r'$good$'</span>, <span class="string">r'$really\ good$'</span>])</span><br><span class="line">l1 = plt.plot(x, y1, label=<span class="string">'linear line'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">l2 = plt.plot(x, y2, color=<span class="string">'red'</span>, linewidth=<span class="number">1.0</span>, linestyle=<span class="string">'--'</span>, label=<span class="string">'square line'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.legend()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>




<pre><code>&lt;matplotlib.legend.Legend at 0x7fc7618c0640&gt;</code></pre><p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_0_1.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">x = np.linspace(<span class="number">-3</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">50</span>)</span><br><span class="line">y = <span class="number">2</span>*x + <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.figure(num=<span class="number">1</span>,figsize=(<span class="number">8</span>,<span class="number">5</span>))</span><br><span class="line">ax = plt.gca()</span><br><span class="line">ax.spines[<span class="string">'right'</span>].set_color(<span class="string">'none'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax.spines[<span class="string">'top'</span>].set_color(<span class="string">'none'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position(<span class="string">'bottom'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax.spines[<span class="string">'bottom'</span>].set_position((<span class="string">'data'</span>,<span class="number">0</span>))</span><br><span class="line">ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position(<span class="string">'left'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax.spines[<span class="string">'left'</span>].set_position((<span class="string">'data'</span>,<span class="number">0</span>))</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot(x,y)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#标注</span></span><br><span class="line">x0 = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">y0 = <span class="number">2</span>*x0 + <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([x0,x0],[<span class="number">0</span>,y0],linestyle=<span class="string">'--'</span>,linewidth=<span class="number">1.5</span>,color =<span class="string">'red'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.scatter(x0,y0,s=<span class="number">40</span>,color=<span class="string">'b'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>




<pre><code>&lt;matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x7fc761566fd0&gt;</code></pre><p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_1_1.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="keyword">as</span> plt</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> numpy <span class="keyword">as</span> np</span><br><span class="line">n = <span class="number">1024</span></span><br><span class="line">x = np.random.normal(<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>,n)</span><br><span class="line">y = np.random.normal(<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>,n)</span><br><span class="line">T = np.arctan2(x,y)</span><br><span class="line">plt.scatter(x,y,c=T,alpha=<span class="number">.5</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>




<pre><code>&lt;matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x7fc75eed38b0&gt;</code></pre><p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_2_1.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">n = <span class="number">12</span></span><br><span class="line">x = np.arange(n)</span><br><span class="line">y1 = (<span class="number">1</span>-x/float(n)) * np.random.uniform(<span class="number">0.5</span>,<span class="number">1.0</span>,n)</span><br><span class="line">y2 = (<span class="number">1</span>-x/float(n)) * np.random.uniform(<span class="number">0.5</span>,<span class="number">1.0</span>,n)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.bar(x,y1)</span><br><span class="line">plt.bar(x,-y2)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.xlim(<span class="number">-.5</span>,n)</span><br><span class="line">plt.ylim(<span class="number">-1.5</span>,<span class="number">1.5</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>




<pre><code>(-1.5, 1.5)</code></pre><p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_3_1.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">f</span><span class="params">(x,y)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="number">1</span>-x/<span class="number">2</span>+x**<span class="number">5</span> + y**<span class="number">3</span>) * np.exp(-x**<span class="number">2</span> -y**<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">n = <span class="number">256</span></span><br><span class="line">x = np.linspace(<span class="number">-3</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,n)</span><br><span class="line">y = np.linspace(<span class="number">-3</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,n)</span><br><span class="line">x,y = np.meshgrid(x,y)</span><br><span class="line">plt.contourf(x,y,f(x,y),<span class="number">8</span>,alpha=<span class="number">.75</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>




<pre><code>&lt;matplotlib.contour.QuadContourSet at 0x7fc75ee5d970&gt;</code></pre><p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_4_1.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="keyword">as</span> plt</span><br><span class="line">plt.figure()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line">plt.title(<span class="string">'111'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">222</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line">plt.title(<span class="string">'111'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">223</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">224</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>




<pre><code>[&lt;matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7fc75658d8e0&gt;]</code></pre><p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_5_1.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">2</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">235</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">3</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.subplot(<span class="number">236</span>)</span><br><span class="line">plt.plot([<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>],[<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">4</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.show()  <span class="comment"># 展示</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


<p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_6_0.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.figure(figsize=(<span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">6</span>))</span><br><span class="line">ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">3</span>), (<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>), colspan=<span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax1.plot([<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>], [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>])    <span class="comment"># 画小图</span></span><br><span class="line">ax1.set_title(<span class="string">'ax1_title'</span>)  <span class="comment"># 设置小图的标题</span></span><br><span class="line">ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">3</span>), (<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">0</span>), colspan=<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">3</span>), (<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>), rowspan=<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax4 = plt.subplot2grid((<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">3</span>), (<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">0</span>))</span><br><span class="line">ax5 = plt.subplot2grid((<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">3</span>), (<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">1</span>))</span><br><span class="line">ax4.scatter([<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>], [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">2</span>])</span><br><span class="line">ax4.set_xlabel(<span class="string">'ax4_x'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax4.set_ylabel(<span class="string">'ax4_y'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>




<pre><code>Text(0.5, 1.0, &apos;asd&apos;)</code></pre><p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_7_1.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="keyword">as</span> plt</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.gridspec <span class="keyword">as</span> gsc</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">plt.figure(figsize=(<span class="number">8</span>,<span class="number">8</span>))</span><br><span class="line">gs = gsc.GridSpec(<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ax6 = plt.subplot(gs[<span class="number">0</span>,:])</span><br><span class="line">ax7 = plt.subplot(gs[<span class="number">1</span>,:<span class="number">2</span>])</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


<p>​<br><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_8_0.png" alt="png"><br>​    </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> numpy <span class="keyword">as</span> np</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="keyword">as</span> plt</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> mpl_toolkits.mplot3d <span class="keyword">import</span> Axes3D</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">fig = plt.figure()</span><br><span class="line">ax = Axes3D(fig)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<pre><code>&lt;ipython-input-65-724398538dc5&gt;:6: MatplotlibDeprecationWarning: Axes3D(fig) adding itself to the figure is deprecated since 3.4. Pass the keyword argument auto_add_to_figure=False and use fig.add_axes(ax) to suppress this warning. The default value of auto_add_to_figure will change to False in mpl3.5 and True values will no longer work in 3.6.  This is consistent with other Axes classes.
  ax = Axes3D(fig)</code></pre><p><img src="/2021/04/06/matplotlib_2/output_9_1.png" alt="png"></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

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